我国农药制造业技术效率的省区差异及影响因素分析

Provincial Difference of Technical Efficiency in Pesticide Manufacturing Industry and Its Influencing Factors in China

首先利用数据包络分析法(DEA)对我国各省区农药制造业的技术效率水平进行测算,然后运用Tobit回归模型,对影响2002-2007年间我国各省区农药制造业技术效率的因素进行实证分析。结果表明,2002-2007年间,我国各省区农药制造业每年的平均技术效率都在0.75以上,呈波动上升趋势,但水平不高。各省份的技术效率差距较大,最高的是内蒙古,最低的是黑龙江,分别为1.870 6、0.519 3。从全国来看,2002-2004年间各省区技术效率水平的差距呈现出明显的发散趋势,但从2004年到2007年整体呈现显著收敛性。从我国东、中、西三大区域看,东部各省份间技术效率差距相对较小,西部各省份间的差距最大。产业区域集聚、资本劳动比与各省区农药制造业技术效率呈显著的正相关,相关系数分别为3.050 994、0.193 721;而技术装备水平、区域产业规模与各省区农药制造业技术效率呈显著的负相关,相关系数分别为-1.344 819-、0.123 258。

The technical efficiency of pesticide manufacturing industry in various provinces was measured by data envelopment analysis（DEA）.The factors influencing technical efficiency of pesticide manufacturing in various provinces during 2002-2007 were analyzed using Tobit regression model.Results showed that during the research period the average technical efficiency level of pesticide manufacturing in various provinces was over 0.75,with rising trend in fluctuation,but not high.The relative technical efficiency was various among provinces,with the highest of1.870 6 in Inner Mongolia and the lowest of 0.519 3 in Heilongjiang.The difference of technical efficiency level displayed obvious divergent trend during 2002-2004,but from 2004 to 2007 it presented significant convergence in whole.Industry cluster and capital-labor ratio had significant positive correlation effects on the efficiency of pesticide manufacturing in various provinces,with separate coefficients of 3.050 994 and 0.193 721.Technical equipment and industrial scale showed significant negative correlation effects,with coefficients of-1.344 819 and-0.123 258.