基于DEA的中国民航运营效率分析及评价

Analysis and Evaluation on Operation Efficiency of China′s Civil Aviation by DEA Method

利用数据包络分析(DEA)技术,通过构建具有4个投入3个产出的投入导向的CCR模型,分析中国民航1987—2008年的技术效率、纯技术效率、规模效率和规模报酬。发现从20世纪90年代初开始,中国民航的运营效率稳定在0.9以上的较高水平,特别是纯技术效率得分较高,规模效率提高较为明显且随外部突发因素影响而出现波折。规模报酬持续递增,但增长速度逐渐降低,特别是2008年出现规模报酬递减。

Using data envelopment analysis,the efficiency of Civil Aviation of China was analyzed by constructing an Input-Orientated CCR model which has four inputs and three outputs.The technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency and scale returns were calculated through statistical data from 1987 to 2008.It was found that from the early 90s of the 20th century,China′s civil aviation efficiency was stabilized at a high level（higher than 0.9）,especially the pure technical efficiency score;scale efficiency significantly increased but fluctuated along with external factors.The returns to scale continually increased with gradually reducing speed;in 2008,the returns to scale were decreasing.