新疆北疆某县乡镇卫生院公共卫生服务情况调查研究

Investigation the public health service conditions in township hospitals of North Xinjiang

目的调查某县乡镇卫生院公共卫生服务情况,分析其公共卫生服务存在的问题,为完善该县乡镇卫生院的公共卫生服务提供依据。方法采取典型抽样,抽取新疆北疆某县,通过问卷调查和访谈,对该县24所乡镇卫生院的公共卫生资源配置、公共卫生服务开展情况进行资料收集与数据分析。结果 24所乡镇卫生院公共卫生服务设施和环境较过去都有明显改善;83.3%的乡镇卫生院内设防保科;防保人员数量占医技人员的比例不足20%,防保人员的学历、职称结构尚不合理;该县乡镇卫生院开展的免疫接种、妇幼保健、健康教育和传染病预防与控制等公共卫生服务覆盖率达到100%,但在慢性非传染性疾病、精神卫生规范管理、残疾人的康复指导与训练方面的公共卫生服务开展还不足,乡镇卫生院在开展各项公共卫生服务工作的难度有所不同;农牧民缺乏健康保健意识。结论该县乡镇卫生院需要积极结合当地实际情况从管理机制、人员经费及公共卫生服务方式等方面加强和完善公共卫生服务,发挥好乡镇卫生院在农村公共卫生体系中的枢纽作用。

Objective To survey the public health services of township hospitals in a certain county and analyze the problems in public health services,in order to provide the basis for improve public health services of township hospitals.Methods Typical sampling method was choosed,extract a county in north Xinjiang,through questionnaires and interviews,Collect and analyze the informations about Public health resources allocation and situation of Public health services′ progress.Result The results of the survey shows that the public health services facilities and circumstance of the 24 township hospitals sampled both have significantly improved.There are 83.3% of township health centers equipped with preventive health service department.But the number of that in preventive health service is less than 20% in medical technicians.The structure of staffs′ educational background and job title is not good.Among the public health services of township hospitals in the county,the immunization,health care for women and children,health education and prevention and control infectious diseases achieve 100%,but chronic management,mental health of the management,the guidance and training about the handicapped people rarely carried out.The difficulties of developing the public health service in the township hospitals vary from different township;The farmers and herdsmen are lack of health care awareness.Conclusion County township hospitals should strengthen and improve the public health services in mechanism,personnel expenditures and so on based on the local situations.And play the hinge function in the rural public health service system.