不同水稻品种抗倒伏性状的形态构成

Morphosis of Lodging Resistance in Different Rice Cultivars

为探讨水稻形态特征与抗倒伏能力的关系,为超高产水稻品种的选育提供理论依据,以不同年代育成的103个水稻品种为材料,以茎秆倒伏指数和田间茎秆强度为抗倒伏性的基本指标,用相关分析方法从形态构成方面研究了水稻茎秆性状与抗倒伏能力的关系。结果表明:株高、基部茎秆截面积与上1、上5伸长节是影响水稻抗倒伏能力的主要因子;上1、上4、上5节长度占株高比例与茎秆倒伏指数及田间茎秆强度呈极显著相关。进一步研究发现,在株高相同的条件下,上1伸长节节间长度短且占株高比例小,基部茎秆截面面积大,基部两节间的长度略短但占株高比例偏大,是抗倒伏性较强的水稻品种的形态构成特点。

The lodging index and stem intension in rice were analyzed by correlation analysis method to confer the relationship between the rice culm traits and lodging resistance by using 103 rice varieties released in the past 50 years.The results showed that plant height,basal internodes cross-sectional area and Top 1,Top 5 internodes were the main factors concerning rice lodging resistance and the ratio of Top 1,Top 4 and Top 5 to plant height also significantly correlated with the lodging index and stem intension.Under the same plant height,a good rice variety with lodging resistance has shorter length of Top1,larger area of basal stem cross-section area and shorter length between Top 4 and Top 5 but more ratio of the length to plant height.