哈佛大学与复旦大学自主招生制度比较研究

Comparative Study of Self-enrollment System of Harvard University and Fudan University

自主招生制度是大学准入制度的核心之一,在大学人才培养中发挥着重要作用。哈佛大学和复旦大学分别为美国和中国推行自主招生制度的典型高校,且两者各有千秋。从招生机制看,哈佛追求自由,复旦注重政治;从招生标准看,哈佛强调能力,复旦侧重水平;从招生程序看,哈佛崇尚自治,复旦偏重法治;从招生来源看,哈佛取向开放,复旦看重地域;从招生考试看,哈佛主张多元,复旦倾向统一。借鉴哈佛经验,我国高等教育应当改革统一招生模式,全面推行素质教育;完善高考科目设置,融通中学大学壁垒;扩大高校自主权利,切实推行学术自由;完善教育立法建设,努力推进教育公平。

The self-enrollment system is one of the core of university admission system,that plays an important role in the talent training of the university.Harvard University and Fudan University are the typical university in the United States and China for they implement the self-enrollment system,and each has its advantages.Viewing from the enrollment mechanism,Harvard University pursuit of the freedom,Fudan University focus on politics; viewing from the enrollment standards,Harvard University emphasized that capacity,Fudan University focus level;viewing from the enrollment process,Harvard University respect for autonomy,Fudan University emphasis on rule of law;viewing from the enrollment student sources,Harvard University orientated the opening to the outside world,Fudan University think highly of the local;seeing from the entrance examination,Harvard University advocate diversity,Fudan University tend to the unification.Taking example by Harvard University,the higher education of China should reform the unified recruitment model,fully implement the quality education;improve the course setting of the entrance examination,break through the barriers between the university and middle school;expanding the university autonomy rights,effectively implement the academic freedom;improve the education legislation,strive to promote education equity.