译入语文化语境对文学翻译的操纵——再谈林纾的翻译

A Study on the Target Cultural Contextual Manipulation of the Reception of Literary Translation——More Words on Lin Shu's Translation

林纾是近代著名的翻译家,他翻译的小说虽然在后世受到了不少的指责和批评,但在当时的确是享有盛誉,备受青睐。很多年后林译小说有了更忠实,更完善的译本,但风行程度远远不及前者。由此可见,文学翻译的接受过程并不仅依赖于文字传达上的忠实与否,而很大程度上与译入文化语境有关。在晚清末年这一特定历史文化语境下,评论家,译者本人,以及读者通过操纵译本,使其符合当时主流的诗学标准和意识形态,从而共同创造了林译小说风行的契机。

Lin Shu was a great translator in Chinese modern history.Although he had been sharply criticized and condemned by the later generation for his unfaithful translation,yet his translated novels did enjoy high reputation and great favor among those people in his age.With time passing by,the novels ever translated by Lin Shu have more faithful versions,but they,to our surprise,turn out be far less popular than the former ones.Therefore,we can see the reception of literary translation has little to do with the question of how faithful the transference is but it is the target cultural context that really concerns.While taking Lin Shu＇s novel translation as object,the purpose of this paper is to analyze how critics,translator and readers manipulated the translation towards the prevailing poetics and ideology and jointly created the hot sale of Lin Shu＇s translated novels.