从《诗经》看先民的焦虑意识

Anxiety Consciousness of Ancient Chinese People Reflected from "The Book of Songs"

文学即人学,《诗经》不仅是中华先民的"生活史",更是其"心灵史"。以《诗经》中"哀"、"忧"等字作为切入点,以保罗.蒂利希的"焦虑论"作为理论工具,反观《诗经》文本,与先民生活多有契合。只要个体意识到自己可能有的非存在时都会产生焦虑感,故以此作为理论来阐释先民"焦虑"的生命意识。在《诗经》的世界中,我们可以看到先民对生存之困顿、意义之虚无的感慨以及对道德的忧虑。

As literature is a reflection of humanities,'The Book of Songs' is not only a 'history of living' of ancient Chinese people,but more importantly their 'history of spirit'.By the keywords of 'grief' and 'worry' in 'The Book of Songs',and with Paul Tillich's study on 'anxiety' as theoretic tool,the study of 'The Book of Songs' shows its relevance with ancient Chinese people.Whenever an individual realizes his possible non-existence,he will have the feeling of anxiety.Therefore,the study with the above theory to explain the 'anxiety' consciousness of life in ancient Chinese people can reveal their emotional claim on distress from living,on nothingness in meaning,and their anxiety about morality.