重金属及有机物污染土壤的树木修复研究进展

Application of Dendroremediation to the Soil Contaminated Soil by Heavy Metals and Organic Pollutants

综述树木修复的相关内容,重点介绍树木在重金属和有机物污染土壤植物修复中的应用现状及前景。与传统的修复技术想比,污染土壤植物修复技术具有运作费用低、易于管理与操作、不产生二次污染和易为大众接受等优点;但随着研究的深入其不足之处亦日益凸现:植物生物量小、生长缓慢、通常只对单一污染元素积累或超积累等。随着植物修复技术的发展,树木修复技术被应用到污染土壤的修复,并取得一定的成效。将木本植物用于植物修复将是今后污染环境修复研究领域的一个重要方向,这将为污染土壤植物修复的大面积推广提供更多的选择。为更好地利用木本植物修复污染环境,今后的研究还应注意加强国内优良树木修复材料的筛选及国外优良树木修复材料和技术的引进;加强有机物污染土壤树木修复的研究;加强树木修复技术与其他修复技术相结合的综合研究,以提高污染环境树木修复的效率。

Soil contamination by heavy metals and organic pollutants has become a global problem and urgently needs to be solved.Compared with traditional remediation technology of contaminated soils,phytoremediation technology exhibits advantages such as lower cost,easier management,without creating a second pollution and easy acceptance to public,attracting much attention from scientific field.But it also has some deficiencies,for example,low biomass,low growth rate of plants and limited take-up ability of pollutants.With development of phytoremediation technology,woody plant has been applied for phytoremediation,which achieved some successes and showed an excellent application future.The detail about phytoremediation,the achievements and the applying prospects of dendroremediation in phytoremediation of heavy metals and organic matters contamination are described in this paper.Application of woody plant in remediation of contaminated soil would be an important aspect of phytoremediation.To make better use of woody plants to remediation of the contaminated environment in the near future,we should pay more attention to enhancing the basic research on selecting elite dendroremediation materials in the domestic and introducing the elite materials and technologies from other countries,on soil organic pollution and on integrating dendroremediation with other remediation technologies to improve the efficiency of dendroremediation.