超声声致孔隙效应致兔前列腺损伤的初步研究

Damage effect of prostate by sonoporation： an preliminary study

目的探讨超声联合造影剂微泡的声致空隙效应开放血-前列腺屏障时对前列腺的损伤作用。方法15只健康8月龄性成熟新西兰兔，随机分为单纯微泡（MB）组、单纯超声（US）组、超声联合微泡（US＋MB）组，超声波直接辐射前列腺，光镜、电镜、细胞凋亡指数（AI）观察前列腺组织损伤的情况。结果MB组与US组前列腺组织在光镜下均未见明显异常，胞浆、细胞核染色均匀，腺体上皮组织排列整齐、完整，腺管腔内未见明显改变；US＋MB组腺体上皮组织细胞排列紊乱，腺管腔内可见大量嗜伊红染的液体。透射电镜下MB组与US组前列腺组织微血管内皮细胞排列整齐，细胞间紧密连接形态正常；US＋MB组可见线粒体肿胀，微血管内皮细胞间隙增宽，细胞间桥连接断裂，红细胞漏出等改变。US＋MB组AI明显高于MB组与US组（P〈0．01），而US组则明显高于MB组（P〈0．01）。结论利用超声联合造影剂微泡的声致孔隙效应开放血-前列腺屏障的同时可造成前列腺组织损伤。

Objective To explore the damage effect of sonoporation on the prostate of rabbit, while opening up the blood-prostate barrier by microbubble mediated sonoporation. Methods Fifteen male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups： ultrasound （US） group, microbubble （MB） group,ultrasound and microbuhble （US ＋ MB） group. Ultrasound was insonated directly on the prostate. Optical microscope, electron microscope and apoptosis index （AI） with TUNEL method were applied to trace the changes of the prostate of rabbit under different conditions. Results There was no significant change in prostatic tissues of group US and MB under the optical microscope. Cytoplasm and nucleoli were stained equally,cells of glandular epithelium were intact and formed orderly. Glandular cavities in these two groups were change very slightly. Glandular epithelium cells of Group US ＋ MB were organized optical under the optical microscope, and there was a mass of eosinophilic liquid in the glandular cavities. Vascular endothelial cell were intact and formed orderly and swollen mitochondria were observed under the electron microscope in MB group and US group. Swollen mitochondria, tight junctions among gland cells were opened,and infiltrated erythrocyte could be found under the eletron microscope in US ＋ MB. AI of group US＋ MB was markedly higher than that of group US and group MB （ P 〈0.01） ,and AI of group US was higher than that of group MB （P 〈0.01）. Conclusions Microbubble mediated sonoporation causes damage in the prostate tissue of rabbit, while opening up the blood-prostate barrier with an increased permeability of the prostate.