泌尿系疾病的影像学诊断

Imaging diagnosis of urinary tract diseases

目的:探讨排泄性尿路造影(IVP)、CT尿路成像(CTU)、磁共振尿路成像(MRU)在泌尿系疾病中的诊断价值。方法:45例泌尿系疾病患者中,同时行IVP、CTU及MRU检查者31例,仅行IVP检查者5例,仅行CTU检查者6例,仅行MRU检查者3例,CTU采用的重组技术包括多平面重组、曲面重组、容积再现及最大密度投影。结果:经IVP检查的患者中,能够明确诊断者占82.69%;经CTU检查的患者中,能够明确诊断者占94%;经MRU检查的患者中,能够明确诊断者占78.57%。结论:IVP检查方法较简便,能大致了解肾脏功能,费用相对低廉,医生和患者易于接受,仍具有较重要的诊断价值;CTU具有较好的图像质量,对于肾尿路平片(KUB)和IVP不能显示或不能确诊的泌尿系肿瘤和结石,CT能从大小、形态、部位及梗阻以上空间的扩张上作出进一步评估;MRU后处理功能强大,重组图像清晰,可以发现很多IVP不能发现的细小病变,作为一种非侵袭性、无需对比剂的方法,对于某些泌尿系疾病具有十分重要的临床应用价值。

Objective：To study the value of IVP,CTU and MRU in the diagnosis of urinary tract disease.Methods：45 cases of urinary tract diseases were collected,in which 31 patients underwent all three imaging examinations,five patients underwemt only IVP,six patients only CTU and three patients only MRU.The postprocessing techniques of CTU included MPR,CPR,VR and MIP.Results：IVP provided accurate diagnosis in 82.69% of the cases,CTU in 94% and MRU in 78.57% of the cases.Conclusion：IVP is simple and easy to do and costs lower,it is still a good method for diagnosing urinary diseases.CTU has higher detection rate than other two imging methods,provides accurate diagnosis in most cases.MRU as a non-invasive method and can be carried out without contrast agent,it plays importaant role in diagnosis of certain urinary diseases.