某地区公立医院医生职业倦怠的现状与分析

Study on Occupational Burnout among Doctors in Public Hospitals

目的了解医生的职业倦怠现状,为提高卫生人力资源管理效率提供依据。方法采用Maslach工作倦怠量表通用版(M B I-GS),对283名医务人员进行调查。结果男性医务人员的情绪衰竭高于女性(t=2.408,P<0.05),而成就感低落低于女性(t=3.222,P<0.01);年轻医务人员的情绪耗竭和玩世不恭与年长者相比显著增高(F=8.834,8.597;P<0.01);工作年限少的医务人员的情绪衰竭和玩世不恭高于工作年限长的医务人员(F=13.674,7.724;P<0.01);初级职称医生的情绪耗竭最高(F=4.129,P<0.05),而玩世不恭和成就感低落均在中级职称的医生中最高(F=5.099,7.350;P<0.01)。提示医务人员的工作倦怠随着人口学特征的不同而有差异。结论医生职业倦怠现状严重,因而提出"以人为本"的管理模式,实施员工帮助计划等建议。

Objective To investigate the status of occupational burnout among doctors in public hospitals,in order to improve efficiency of human resources management in health care.Methods A total of 283 doctors in public hospitals were assessed with Maslach Burnout Inventory generic version（MBI-GS）.Results The results showed that the scores of emotional exhaustion in the men workers were significantly higher than those in the wowen（t=2.408,P0.05）.Reduced personal accomplishment in the wowen workers were significantly higher than that in the women（t=3.222,P0.01）.The scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism in the young workers were significantly higher than those in the older（F=8.834,8.597;P0.01）.Emotional exhaustion,cynicism of medical personnel with shorter experience were higher than those with longer experience（F=13.674,7.724;P0.01）.Emotional exhaustion of the medical staff with low-grade professional title was the highest（F=4.129,P0.05）.Cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment of the medical staff with middle-grade professional title were highest（F=5.099,7.350;P0.01）.These suggested that emotional exhaustion of the medical staff varied with the charicteristic of demography.Conclusion The status of occupational burnout among doctors is serious.It is suggest to put forward a＂people-oriented＂ management model and to implement the employee assistant program and so on.