葡萄牙传教士徐懋德在钦天监的天文工作

Andreas Pereira's Astronomical Work in Chinese Imperial Astronomical Bureau

葡萄牙传教士徐懋德通晓天文学、数学,以精通历法者的身份进入北京,在清钦天监任监副一职。作为钦天监的主要天文学家,徐懋德是德国传教士戴进贤的挚友和亲密合作者,他们在北京的许多天文观测报告很快传回欧洲,引起欧洲科学界的关注。徐懋德与戴进贤在编撰《历象考成后编》的工作中,起到了决定性作用。《历象考成后编》介绍了刻普勒天文学理论及欧洲天文观测新结果,是一部以西方天文历法为核心的较先进的著作。徐懋德与戴进贤密切配合,对中西天文学交流做出了贡献。

This paper introduces Andreas Pereira,a Portuguese Jesuit missionary to China,the background to his work in Chinese Imperial Astronomical Bureau of Qing Dynasty,his astronomical work and his leading role there and his participation in the compilation of Li Xiang Kao Cheng Hou Bian（Sequel to the Compendium of Observational and Computational Astronomy）.Both Pereira and Ignatius Kgler,a missionary from Germany,make great contributions to the astronomical communication between China and Europe in the 18th century by introducing Keplerian theory of astronomy to China.The cooperation and friendship relations between them as well as their competition relationship with their Chinese colleagues are studied.