明刻《三国演义》的插图流变

Development of the Illustrations in Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the Ming Dynasty

明代插图版本《三国演义》现存20余种。在福建建阳地区,叶逢春本作为其肇始者,其上图下文的版画形式对后来各版本具有重要影响;熊氏宗族先后刊刻了不同风格的《三国演义》插图,体现了不同时期的版画趣味;诚德堂本承本坊旧板,插图拙劣;忠正堂本插图数量和质量均比以往有所提高,成为《三国演义》插图转向圆润明朗的重要过渡;刘次泉式图像的刻技超越前人,风靡坊间。同时,单幅大图的金陵版画以其雅致、精工对万历后期建阳版画的形成产生了重要影响,出现了借鉴周曰校本的李卓吾本和英雄谱本。

There are more than 20 different illustrated versions of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms published in the Ming Dynasty.In Jianyang,Fujian Province,the version published by Ye Fengchun,which is accepted as the first illustrated version,influenced the latter versions both in terms of forms and the scenes.Later the Xiong family published the novel twice with different engraving styles in accordance with the difference of periods.The Chengdetang version was characterized by its shabbiness,while the Zhongzhengtang version,better in quality and larger in quantity,marked a transition to elegance.Popular versions after that may include Liu Ciquan＇s version,the version found in Nanjing,which is famous for its elegant and delicate engraving style,the version by Li Zhuowu and the Heroic Version.