纤维乳管内视镜在乳腺疾病中的应用与护理

Application and Nursing of Fiberoptic Ductoscopy in Breast Diseases

目的对乳头溢血、溢液患者实施纤维乳管内视镜检查,发现并用定位针锁定病变组织,选择不同的治疗方案。方法把358例参与纤维乳管内视镜检查的患者分为A、B两组。A组为41例用定位针锁定腔内微小病变患者,B组为317例乳管周围炎患者。A组患者在表面麻醉下用专用内视镜插入乳头进入乳管腔内进行检查,找到异常部位后用定位针锁定微小病变组织,在留置定位针期间予以护理干预。B组患者在炎症部位注入抗生素。结果 A组有40例在术中找到定位针锁定的病变目标,定位针有效率为97.6%(40/41)。B组应用抗生素1～2次而治愈。结论用纤维乳管内视镜检查,可以在直视下找到病变部位,为诊断、手术和治疗提供了依据。

Objective Breast fiberoptic ductoscopy （FDS） was performed on patients with nipple blood and non-blood discharge to find and localize pathological tissues with alignment pins, and choose different therapeutic regimens. Methods 358 patients who were inspected by FDS were divided into A and B groups. 41 patients in Group A had minute intracavitary lesions localized by alignment pins. 317 patients in Group B had galactophoritis. A professional endoscope was inserted into lactiferous ducts through nipple by su- perficial anesthesia to inspect and localize minute intracavitary lesions by alignment pins after finding abnormal positions in Group A. During the period with alignment pins,nursing intervention was carried out continuously. Antibiotic was injected into inflammatory positions in Group B. Results 40 patients in Group A were found localized lesions by alignment pins in surgeries. The effective rate of alignment pins is 97.6%（40/41）. Patients in Group B were cured after applying antibiotics intracavitarily once or twice. Conclusion FDS can he used to find lesion positions under direct vision,providing evidences for diagnosis, surgery and treatment.