一株高浸磷嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identifaction of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans with Strong Phosphorous Ore Bioleaching Ability

从矿山土样中分离到一株嗜酸的浸磷矿细菌HY-01,观察其形态并研究其培养特征.结果显示,该菌株为革兰氏阴性、短杆状运动细菌,菌体长1～2μm,宽0.5～0.7μm,能在pH 1.5～8.0的范围内生长,最适生长温度为37℃,最适pH为1.5～3.0.该菌株可以KNO3、NH4NO3、（NH4）2CO3、NH4H2PO4、（NH4）2SO4以及蛋白胨为氮源,以元素硫和黄铁矿中的硫为能源,不能利用有机物质以及硫代硫酸钠、硫酸亚铁等无机物为能源生长.形态、生理生化特性研究以及16SrDNA序列分析表明,该菌株为嗜酸氧化硫硫杆菌.浸矿实验结果表明其具有很高的磷矿浸出能力.

Acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium HY-01 was isolated from mine soil.Strain HY-01 was motile,gram-negative,rod-shaped and 0.5 to 0.7 μm × 1 to 2 μm in size.The strain grew optimally with initial pH 2.0~2.5 and temperature 37 ℃.It could grow with potassium nitrate,ammonium nitrate,ammonirm carbonate,ammonium dihydrogen phosphate,ammonium sulfate and tryptone as nitrogen sources.It could use elemental sulfur and pyrite as energy sources,but not organic minerals and inorganic minerals,including sodium thiosulfate and ferrous sulfate.The morphological,biochemical and physiological characteristics of the strain and the analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequence indicated that strain HY-01 was most closely related to Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans.The sulfur-oxidizing bacteria could positively increase the dissolution rate and percentage of phosphorus recovery from phosphate ore.Fig 6,Tab 1,Ref 18