对《农政全书》中诸葛升的考证

Textual Research on Zhu Gesheng Recorded in Nong Zheng Quan Shu

诸葛升因其《垦田十议》被《农政全书》全文收录而留名。据考,诸葛升生活于明万历和天启年间,先后任凤阳府定远知县、汾州府临县知县、庐州通判、陕西庆阳府宁夏专城同知等职,有著作传世,代表作是《垦田十议》。诸葛升尤其重视农业生产,定远任上,撰农书、劝垦植、教稼穑、给籽种,还兴建了响水坝、陶家堰、楚泉堰和汉泉堰等多处水利工程。迁临县后,诸葛升赈灾减税,安抚民生,并在碛口修筑湫水河坝,引水灌溉,保障了当地人民的生活和农业生产。诸葛升对农业的贡献在当时产生了重要影响,受到社会精英、上级官员和当地百姓的一致肯定。通过诸葛升的个案可以清楚看出县官和社会精英在农业知识建构与传播中起到重要作用。

Zhu Gesheng was known because his whole treatise named Ken Tian Shi Yi was included in Nong Zheng Quan Shu.Zhu Gesheng lived during the late Ming Dynasty and had several posts including magistrate of Dingyuan and Linxian County,Tongpan of Luzhou Prefecture and Tongzhi of Ningxia City.He had written many treatises,of which Ken Tian Shi Yi was the representative one.Zhu Gesheng regarded agriculture especially,and often persuaded and helped local peasants to farm.In Dingyuan County,he organized building many irrigation works such as Xiangshuiba Dam,Taojiayan Weir,Chuquanyan Weir and Hanquanyan Weir.Transferred to Linxian County,he relieved peasants by tax reduction and pacification policy in stricken areas,and helped build Qiushuihe Dam to guarantee the local peasants＇ normal lives and production.Zhu Gesheng＇s above-mentioned contributions were praised by then elites,officials and common people.Through the textual research,it was also revealed that local officials and elites played important roles in forming and spreading agricultural knowledge.