煤矿用新型抑尘剂的研究与应用

Research and application of new dust suppressants in coal mine

为有效降低煤尘浓度,在前期研制OP-10系列抑尘剂的基础上,设计了新型抑尘剂的试验配置方案。通过煤尘沉降试验,测定了不同浓度快速渗透剂T溶液的煤尘湿润性,验证了表面活性剂复配对溶液湿润性的增效作用,研究了二价金属阳离子对表面活性剂溶液湿润性的促进作用,最终确定了新型快速渗透剂T系列抑尘剂配方。通过现场实践,快速渗透剂T系列抑尘剂能够达到与OP-10系列抑尘剂相当的降尘效果,在使用成本相当的情况下,兼具低毒环保等性能。

This paper intends to present the design project and development of a new efficient dust suppressant based on its earlier work with the OP - 10 series dust suppressants. Through a series of coal dust sedimentary tests focused on testing the wettability by using the Rapid Panetrant T solution for coal dust suppressing in different concentrations, we have established the correlation curve between the sedimentation velocity of coal dust and the concentrations of the Rapid Panetrant T solution. The testing results indicate that the Rapid Panetrant T solution proved to be hardly able to wet the coal dust under the mass concentration of 0.08% . However, with the sedimentation velocity of coal dust increased with the concentration over 0.08%, the sedimentary rate would eventually get over OP- 10 at the same concentration. However, since the common dust suppressant is very expensive for its high cost and therefore prohibitive for general use. With the synergy of solution wettability well proved, the comprehensive effect also proves best when the Rapid Panetrant T solution concentration reached BS - 12, a kind of amphoteric surfactant. We have also found some ways to promote the solution＇s wetting function by adding different inorganic salt additives. Thus, the results of our experiments prove that whereas the monovalent metal cation helps to reduce the surface the tension of Rapid Panetrant T solution, it is no use for the improvement of the solution＇ s wettability. Rather, it is only the bivalent metal cation that can help to promote the solution＇s wettability considerably. Besides, trivalent metal cation was seldom used in this way for most of them are insoluble. Moreover, the above experiments have also made clear that the newly developed Rapid Panetrant T dust suppressants contains actually of Rapid Panetrant T, BS- 12 and bivalent metal cationic salts in certain concentration. The field trial-application shows that the Rapid Panetrant T dust suppressants can produce the same dust-suppressing effect that by the OP - 10 dust suppressants, with the characteristic features of low toxicity and favorable environmental protection effect at the same cost, which will help it to enjoy a wide application prospect.