河南虞城县惠楼山药种植区地下水重金属含量及健康风险评价

Concentrations and health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater of yam planting area of Huilou,Yucheng County,Henan Province

在对虞城县惠楼村山药种植区地下水中Cr、Cd、Pb、Zn和Cu含量测定的基础上,应用美国环境保护局健康风险评价模型评价了各个重金属通过饮水途径所致的健康风险。结果表明,地下水重金属对该地区居民已经造成了一定的健康危害。由饮水途径所致健康风险中,所有样点的化学致癌物Cr和Cd的个人年风险在10^(-4)a^(-1)以上水平,某些样点Cd的个人年风险也在5.0×10^(-5)a^(-1)以上水平,超过了国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受风险水平,且平均占到总年风险的99.9%,其中Cr对总风险的贡献率平均达到96.73%,是最主要的致癌重金属;非化学致癌物Pb、Zn和Cu的个人年风险均低于ICRP最大可接受风险水平。对照区地下水致癌重金属的个人年风险和总年风险均高于山药种植区。今后要加强研究区地下水中Cr的来源和去除技术研究。

Health risks caused by each heavy metal in the drinking water of a yam planting area were assessed with the model put forward by United States Environment Protection Agency. The assessment was based on the concentrations of heavy metals（Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu） in groundwater of yam plantating area of Huilou, Yucheng Town, Henan Province. The results showed that： （1） Heavy metals in groundwater have great impacts on the health of people living in the study area. In all sampling sites, personal annual health risks caused by Cr were above the level of 10^-4 a^-1, which was significantly higher than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP （5 × 10^- 5 a^-1）. In addition, health risks caused by Cr and Cd occupied 99.9% of the total annual risk. To note, the contribution of Cr to the total annual risk was 96.73% in average. （2） Personal annual risks caused by non-carcinogens （Pb, Zn and Cu） were lower than the maximum allowance levels recommended by ICRP. （3） Both of the personal annual risk and total risk caused by heavy metals in control area were much higher than yam planting area.