基于GIS的天然气长输管道应急救援指挥辅助决策系统研发

Emergency rescue decision- making assistant system based on GIS for natural gas pipelines

针对天然气长输管道安全关键技术难题,开展管道偏移机理及安全评定、光纤预警系统及函箱检漏装置、管道泄漏扩散预测技术等方面的研究。基于地理信息系统(GIS)平台,集成上述研究成果和SCADA管道监控系统、抢修车辆GPS定位、IP电话、视频、区域广播、短信等通讯方式,最终形成基于GIS的天然气长输管道应急救援指挥辅助决策系统。

This paper presents its authors＇ development of an emergency rescue decision-making assistant system based on GIS for natural gas pipelines. As is known, it has become a key technical hardnut that threatens the safety of natural gas pipeline systems, because they are sometimes buried in the soil, sometimes river and water-rossed; leading to leakage and diffusion of gas, etc. in spite of corresponding research work has been extensively done, such as the offset mechanism and safety evaluation of pipeline, the optical fiber warning system and leakage inspecting box, the gas diffusion forecasting technology, and so on. In proceeding with our work in preparing this assistant system, we have first of all studied the finite models of pipes with different lengths（such as 12 m, 60 m and 480 re）and the maximum offset distances are 567.5 mm, 1 800 mm and 23.3 m respectively, we have fixed points of view on their offset tolerance judgment. Secondly, we have installed 43. 335 km optical fiber along the pipeline and invented a leakage-inspection box. The results of a series of experiments show that the positioning accuracy of the optical fiber warning system is 200 - 300 m, whereas the leakage inspection box of ours sends the leakage information to the mobile system promptly. Thirdly, we have also established a gas-diffusion real-time calculation method and developed a fire and explosion hazard forecasting software. Depending on a geographic information system（GIS） platform, we have done necessary investigations on the achievements in above scopes as well as the supervisory control and data acquisition （SCADA） monitoring system plus the GPS location service of vehicles for maintenance, the IP telephone and video service, the regional broadcasting service, and the short messaging service（SMS）. Last of all, we have also set up the emergency rescue decision-making assistant system based on GIS for natural gas pipelines, with which the pipeline rescue workers can be timely informed of the abnormal situation and timely response to be offered in accordance with the information received, as well as Level I or Level II response plan to be given. The trial-application experience of ours proves that the system has nice prompt response ability with the perfect commanding and controlling functions.