国槐DNA导入花生栽培品种引起性状变异的研究

Study on variation of characters caused by introducing Chinese scholar-tree DNA into groundnut(Arachis hypogea L)

以国槐为供体，花生栽培品种79266和辐8707为受体，采用花萼管注射法和柱头浸滴法将供体DNA导入受体。D1代变异率33．3％～63．4％，变异的性状包括单株果数、果形、果大小、内种皮颜色、株型、叶形、熟性、育性及产量性状。D2的大部分变异株能稳定遗传，不再分离，稳定株行占D2株行的75％～96％。试验表明，国槐DNA导入花生栽培品种，可以引起后代的变异，变异范围广，稳定快，是花生品种改良和创造新种质的有效方法途径。

DNA was extracted and purified from young leaves of Chinese Scholar-trees and introduced into groundnut cultivars 79266 and Fu 8707 by two methods of injecting DNA into the calyx tube and dripping DNA on the stigma. Variation rate of D1 generation was 33. 3%~63. 4% and the types of variation included pods of single plant, shape of pod, size of pod, color of endothelium, plant type, growth period, sterility, fertility and yield. Most variants were stable in D2 progeny, and the rate of stable rows was 75%~96%. The experiment indicated that introducing Chinese Scholar-tree DNA into groundnut might cause variation of the progenies and that variable kinds were multitudinous and varition characters stabilize rapidly. This technique was an efficient way of improving cultivars and creating new genotrpe of groundnut.