贵州酒用高粱种质资源搜集与鉴定

Collection and Appraisal of Germplasm Resources of Wine-making Sorghum in Guizhou

1996～1998年对贵州酒用高粱种质资源进行考察,共搜集种质331份,经整理、归并成125份品种,主要分布在黔中山原区,占49.6%,黔南低中山峡谷区分布最少,仅占4.8%。主要特征特性鉴定结果表明,在贵州酒用高粱资源中,高秆、晚熟品种分别占总数的83.2%和99.2%,千粒重、穗粒重大多分别为20～25g和35～60g,丰产性较好,不抗高粱蚜,高抗粟穗螟,较抗炭疽病。多数品种蛋白质含量偏高,单宁含量较低,脂肪含量适中,部分品种是酿造优质白酒的优质原料。

Germplasm resources of wine making sorghum of Guizhou were investigated during 1996～1998. 331 material collected and from which 125 native cultivars were sorted out, they were scattered mainly over the mountain regions and flatlands area in middle Guizhou, make up 49.6 percent of the total and only 4.8% distributed in low semi mountainous gorge area in southern Guizhou. The results of appraisal of main characters showed that varieties with high stalk and late maturing respectively make up 83.2 percent and 99.2 percent of the total, 1000 grain weight and per ear grain weight in a great deal varieties were of 20～25g and 35～60g separetely with high yield nature highly resistant to spike millet borer and slightly resistant to anthracnose, but no resistance to sorghum aphid. Majority of the varieties showed high protein content and low tannin content and moderate fat content. Some varieties are of high quality raw material for making high quality wine.