麻竹出笋和高生长规律的研究

Rule of Shooting and Height growth of Dendrocalamus latiflorus

１９９５ 年５ 至１０ 月，在麻竹中心分布区福建省华安县对麻竹出笋和高生长规律进行的试验研究结果表明：采用有序样本的聚类分析方法，可将麻竹出笋过程和高生长过程定量地划分为３ 个时期：初期、盛期和末期。出笋盛期的笋量占全期的５７．４８％ ，个体平均质量１．２６ ｋｇ，高生长盛期生长量占全高的８１．１２％ ，日平均生长量为２０．４４ ｃｍ ；麻竹高生长过程可用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ 和Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ曲线模拟，相关系数较高，效果较好；影响麻竹日平均生长量的主要气象因子是日照时数、昨日气温、昨日降雨量和当日最低气温，最低气温与生长量呈负相关关系，其余呈正相关关系；麻竹在昼夜２４ ｈ 内有两个生长高峰，分别在６：００～８：００ 时和１８：００～２２：００ 时，１４：００～１６：００ 时为高生长低谷。

The rule of shooting and height growth of Dendrocalamus latiflorus was studied in Huaan,Fujian Province during the period from May through October,1995. The results are showed as follows:(1)The process of shooting and height growth of D.latiflorus can be quantitatively divided into three stages,i.e.initial,abundant and ending stage. The number of shoots at the abundant stage of shooting accounts for 57.48% of the total,and a single shoot at this stage weighs 1.26 kg averagely.The height growth increment at the abundant stage of height growth accounts for 81.12% of the total,and the height growth increment at this stage during one day is 20.44 cm averagely.(2) The process of height growth of D.latiflorus can be simulated effectively with the models of Logistic and Richards,and the correlation coefficient is high.(3) The leading meteorological factors affecting the height growth of D.latiflorus are sunshine time,the previous day’s mean temperate and precipitation,and the lowest temperate of current day.Among them,the last one is negatively correlated with the height growth,the rest of them are positively correlated with it.(4)There are 2 growth peaks within 24 hours in the height growth of D. latiflorus ,i.e.during 6:00～8:00 and 18:00～22:00. The low point is during 14:00～16:00. It grows evenly at night.