西花蓟马、二斑叶螨与黄瓜新小绥螨的相互关系研究

Interactions of western flower thrips,two-spotted spider mites and the predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) on beans

西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)和二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch是温室花卉与蔬菜上的重要害虫(螨)。植物常被两者同时危害。黄瓜新小绥螨Amblyseius cucumeris(Oudemans)是世界上广泛应用的温室蓟马的生物防治物,有时也被用来防治二斑叶螨。本研究中,在人工气候室盆栽条件下利用黄瓜新小绥螨防治西花蓟马和/或二斑叶螨。结果显示,当每豆株上接入10或20头二斑叶螨时,按照1∶4的益害比释放黄瓜新小绥螨可有效控制二斑叶螨。同样密度比的情况下,5和10头黄瓜新小绥螨的释放量可显著控制西花蓟马的接入量。二斑叶螨密度的增加没有显著影响到黄瓜新小绥螨对西花蓟马的控制作用。西花蓟马可捕食黄瓜新小绥螨的卵,日捕食量达1.2粒。本文对利用黄瓜新小绥螨防治温室中西花蓟马进行了讨论。

The western flower thrip Frankliniella occidentalis （Pergande） （WFT） and the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch （TSSM） are notorious pests of ornamentals and vegetables in greenhouses.Plants are often simultaneously infested by both pests.The predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris （Oudemans）has been widely used as a biological control agent for thrips in greenhouses and has sometimes also been used to control TSSM.We here report the results of investigations on the biological control of WFT and TSSM by A.cucumeris on kidney beans in pot trails.At low and moderate,but not high,TSSM densities,A.cucumeris released at a predator：prey ratio of 1：4 significantly suppressed TSSM populations.5 and 10 A.cucumeris could also significantly suppress 20 and 40 WFT after 8 days.The control efficiency of WFT by A.cucumeris was not significantly affected by the presence of TSSM.WFT larvae can successfully prey on the eggs of A.cucumeris,consuming an average number of 1.2 eggs per day.The potential for the biological control of WFT in greenhouses by A.cucumeris is discussed.