植原体病害研究概况

An overview of research on phytoplasma-induced diseases

植原体原名类菌原体,是一类重要的植物病原物,归属于细菌,无细胞壁,专性寄生于植物韧皮部。在菌体大小、结构以及遗传进化上与菌原体、螺原体十分相似。世界范围内植原体已引起千余种植物病害,主要表现为丛枝、黄化、节间缩短等。植原体病原主要依靠吸食植物韧皮部的昆虫介体传播,如叶蝉、木虱等。本文主要对植原体的病原学、遗传进化与基因组、致病机理以及防控进行综述。

Phytoplasma, previously called mycoplasma-like organism, is an important phytopathogen, which belongs to cell wallless bacteria with obligate parasitism on the phloem of plants. Phytoplasma is similar to mycoplasma and spiroplasma in size, structure and genetic evolution. Thousands of plant diseases are induced by phytoplasma worldwide, main symptoms being witches’ broom, yellowing, shortened internodes and so on. Primary vectors for transmitting phytoplasma are insects feeding on the sap of phloem, such as leafhopper, and psylla. The research progress in phytoplasma, including etiology, genetic evolution and genome, pathogenic mechanism and control, were reviewed.