小麦抗条锈品种遗传多样性的SSR分析

Genetic diversity analysis of varieties resistant to stripe rust based on SSR markers

［目的］ 利用SSR标记分析我国几大小麦产区主栽品种中抗锈品种的遗传多样性，为小麦抗条锈育种亲本材料的选择提供参考。［方法］ 以当前条锈菌优势小种接种成株期小麦，从几大小麦产区主栽品种中筛选出抗条锈品种。然后利用SSR标记对筛选出的抗锈品种的遗传多样性进行分析。［结果］ 27对SSR引物在上述抗锈品种中共检测到104个等位变异，平均为3.85个；引物的多态信息含量（PIC）在0.210~0.712之间，平均为0.455；抗锈品种间遗传相似系数平均为0.723，表明筛选出的抗锈品种遗传多样性较低，亲缘较近。［结论］ 聚类分析的结果将抗锈品种分为了4个类群，类群的分布与亲缘的远近和品种的地域有一定的相关性。

[Objective] Genetic diversity of wheat varieties resistant to stripe rust in the main wheat production areas in China were analyzed by SSR markers to provide a reference for selection of parental materials resistant to wheat stripe rust.[Method] Several dominant wheat cultivars were assessed for resistance to stripe rust at adult stage by using the current races of the stripe rust. Genetic diversity was investigated by SSR markers. [Result] Totally 104 alleles were produced by 27 pairs of SSR primers. The average alleles per pair of primers were 3.85. The polymorphism information content （PIC） ranged from 0.210 to 0.712 with an average value of 0.455. Wheat cultivars resistant to stripe rust had a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.723 on average, which indicated that the genetic diversity of the resistant varieties was low. [Conclusion] Cluster analysis results showed that wheat cultivars resistant to stripe rust were divided into 4 groups, and genetic distance was related to geographical distance to some extent.