小切口与大切口甲状腺切除术的临床对照研究

Clinical comparative study on thyroidectomy through small and big cervical incision

目的探讨小切口甲状腺切除术的优、缺点。方法将232例甲状腺良性肿瘤切除术患者按入院顺序编号,采用随机数字表随机分为小切口组和大切口组,分别于胸骨切迹上2 cm处,行横向弧形切口长5.0～6.0 cm与2.5～4.0 cm的甲状腺全切或次全切除术。结果小切口组与大切口组比较,术中出血量、术后住院日期及住院费用差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);小切口组手术时间比大切口组长(P<0.05),但美容满意度比大切口组高(P<0.05)。结论小切口甲状腺切除术虽然手术时间较长,但安全、可行,美容效果好,易在基层医院推广。

Objective To study advantages and disadvantages of thyroidectomy through small cervical incision.Methods 232 cases of thyroid benign tumor which would undergo thyroidectomy randomly divided into small incision group and big incision group according to their hospital sequence number and random number table.Total or subtotal thyroidectomy located 2 cm above sternal notch with 5.0 to 6.0 cm or 2.5 to 4.0 cm horizontal arc incision were performed for small or big incision groups,respectively.Results Bleeding volume during operation,postoperative hospitalization periods and hospitalization expenses in both small and big incision groups had no significant difference（P〉0.05）.Compared with big incision group,operative time were longer（P〈0.05） whereas degree of cosmetic satisfaction of patients were higher（P〈0.05）in small incision group.Conclusion Although lasting longer operative time,thyroidectomy through small incision with better cosmetic result is safe and feasible,and easy to promote in basic hospitals.