济南市售食用鱼铅、镉、砷含量调查及污染状况评价

Determination and evaluation of lead,cadmium and arsenic in edible fish in the markets of Jinan

目的测定济南市售常见淡水鱼和海水鱼中铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、砷（As）的含量,并进行污染状况评价。方法利用石墨炉原子吸收法测定Pb、Cd含量,原子荧光法测定As的含量,采用单因子污染指数法和尼梅罗综合污染指数法对不同鱼类的污染状况进行评价。结果淡水鱼与海水鱼的Pb、Cd、As的平均含量分别为0.154 8、0.013 5、0.109 3μg/g,Pb、Cd单因子污染指数和尼梅罗综合污染指数均小于1,海水鱼中鲈鱼、鲅鱼、黄花鱼As的两种指数均大于或接近1,带鱼和鲳鱼在1.883 63.181 0之间。结论所采集鱼类Pb、Cd污染未超标,但As污染较严重。

Objective To determine contents of lead,cadmium and arsenic in edible freshwater and marine fish in the markets of Jinan,and evaluate the pollution of those heavy metals.Methods Contents of lead and cadmium were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry,and arsenic was tested by atomic fluorescence spectrometry.The integrated pollution effect of heavy metals was evaluated by the technique of single factor index and Nemerow index.Results The average concentrations of lead,cadmium and arsenic in all tested fish were 0.154 8,0.013 5 and 0.109 3 μg/g,respectively.Indexes of lead and cadmium in all tested freshwater and marine fish were lower than 1.Both indexes of arsenic were over or near 1 in weever,Spanish mackerel and yellow croaker,whereas the two indexes were 1.883 6-3.181 0 in hairtail and pomfret.Conclusion The tested fish are less polluted by cadmium and lead,but the arsenic pollution is relatively serious.