武夷山香果树自然种群生殖构件特性研究

Characteristics of Reproductive Modules of Emmenopterys henryi Natural Population in Wuyi Mountain

对武夷山香果树自然种群生殖构件特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)香果树种群始花时间变异较大,可相差7 d左右,始花时间为7月中旬,8月下旬结束,花期约33 d;(2)生殖构件的数量与生境和树冠位置有一定关系,香果树纯林中生殖枝数显著高于其他种群,针叶林和毛竹林中香果树生殖构件分布相当。不同冠层之间生殖构件以中、下层显著低于上层,南向树冠显著高于其他各方向生殖构件数;(3)香果树花期和果期败育率高(81.45%和58.12%),并在不同生境和树冠位置产生显著差异,结实率低是其濒危主要原因之一;(4)主成分分析显示香果树生境中光照、坡向、乔木层盖度对其生殖构件生长产生显著影响。

Features of the reproductive modules of Emmenopterys henryi in Wuyi Mountain,one of endangered plants in China,were investigated.The results showed that the initial time of flowering in E.henryi population presonted variability,about 7 days gap.The initial time of flowering with in population was in the middle of July,and ended in late August,its blooming period lasted 33 days.The distribution of reproductive modules related to the habitat and the position of tree crown.The number of flowers,buds and fruits in E.henryi pure population were significantly higher than other populations,but no significant difference in Phyllostachys edulis forests and conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests.In different crown layers,the middle and lower layer were significantly lower than upper layer in number of reproductive branches and reproductive branch ratio,however,south of the crown were higher than other directions.The abortive rates at flowering stage and fruit stage were higher（81.45% and 58.12%）,and they were remarkable differences among the habitats and crown positions.The high abortive rate lead to low fruit yield,it is one of the reasons to make E.henryi being endangered.Principal component analysis showed that reproductive module were impacted significantly by the light,slope aspect,tree layer cover in the E.henryi population.