亚洲百合‘精粹’开花习性及花粉特性研究

Flowering Habits and Pollen Characteristics in Lilium Asiatic hybrid cv. ‘Elite’

以亚洲百合‘精粹’(LiliumAsiatic hybrid cv.‘Elite’)为材料,研究了‘精粹’百合的开花过程,以及培养基中蔗糖的浓度、温度、硼酸、Ca2+、花期、储藏条件等因素对其花粉萌发和花粉管伸长的影响。结果表明:‘精粹’百合的花期为4-5月份,单花期6-8 d,花被片6枚,分2轮,离生;雄蕊6枚,花丝细长,花药椭圆较大;开花后2 d的花粉萌发力最高;光照条件下25℃利于花粉萌发,最适培养基蔗糖浓度为10%,萌发率达79%;在一定浓度范围内,Ca2+对花粉的萌发率影响不大,主要影响花粉萌发速度和花粉管长度;当硼酸的浓度是10 mg.L-1时,花粉萌发率最高。硼酸浓度过高抑制花粉萌发。花粉储藏以5℃加干燥剂的储藏方式效果最佳。

Flowering habits and pollen characteristics of Lilium Asiatic hybrid cv.＇Elite＇ were observed.Factors influencing pollen germination and pollen tube extension were investigated,such as content of sugar in the culture medium,temperature,content of boric acid and calcium ion,flowering period,and storing conditions.The results indicated that the flowering periods were during April to May.Anthesis of a single flower often lasted for 6~8 days.The flowers consisted 6 separated tepals,3 superior and 3 inferior.Flowers had six stamens upward,thin filaments,anthers ovoid,larger oval.After flowering 2 days,the pollen germination reached to the highest rate.The best germination condition for Lilium Asiatic hybrid cv.＇Elite＇ Pollen was in lighting conditions with 10% sucrose,10 mg·L-1 H3BO3、10 mg·L-1 Ca2＋.In certain scope,higher concentration of H3BO3 and Ca2＋ would restrain pollen germination.The best storage condition for pollen was in 5℃with desiccant.