天华山自然保护区景观格局现状及分析

Analysis on Landscape Pattern of Tianhua Mountain Nature Reserve

运用景观生态学原理,采用景观指数法,通过ArcGIS和Fragstats3.3软件对天华山自然保护区12种景观类型的格局进行了分析。所使用的景观格局指标包括平均斑块面积、斑块所占景观面积比例、斑块密度、边缘密度、最大斑块指数、景观形状指数、聚集度等。结果表明:天华山自然保护区景观类型较丰富,而各景观类型拥有的斑块数分布很不均匀,从面积和斑块数来看,以硬阔的斑块数最多,面积最大,为保护区的主导景观。景观整体的Shannon多样性指数和Shannon均匀度指数较高,但蔓延度较低,显现出破碎化的趋势。

Based on the landscape ecological theory,the method of landscape index was adopted to analyze 12 kinds of landscape patterns in Tianhua Mountain Nature Reserve employing the ArcGIS and Fragstats3.3 software.Indicators to evaluate landscape patterns included mean patch area,percentage of landscape,patch density,edge density,maximum patch index,landscape shape index,and aggregation index.The results showed that landscape patterns in Tianhua Mountain Nature Reserve were rich,but the number of patch in each patterns was uneven.From the area and number of the patch,the nature reserve was dominated by hardwood patch which had the largest area and number.The Shannon diversity index and evenness index of the landscape were high while the spreading degree was low,revealing the trend of fragmentation.