杧果种质果实品质性状多样性分析

Fruit Quality Diversity of Mango(Mangifera indica L.) Germplasm

对中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所杧果种质资源圃40份杧果（Mangifera indicaL.）种质的果实品质性状进行了连续3年的观测,采用方差分析、相关分析和主成分分析方法,从物理指标（果实形状、果实纵径、果实横径、果实侧径、单果质量、果核质量、可食率、果实纤维、果皮颜色）、化学指标（可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、还原糖和维生素C）和感官指标（风味和香气）3个方面对果实品质性状多样性进行了研究。结果表明：40份杧果种质的果实品质性状存在着极显著差异,具有丰富的多样性。Shannon-Weinner多样性指数（H′）在0.94~1.60之间,主成分分析表明果实品质性状变异的多向性。除可滴定酸和还原糖外,各种质品质特性年度间的差异不显著;一些果实品质性状间存在着显著或极显著的相关性。

Fruit quality diversity of forty accessions of mango germplasm,preserved in South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,China,were studied for three consecutive years. Variance,correlation and principal component analysis（PCA）were used to evaluate experimental results. Fruit physical parameters including shape,vertical diameter and cross section,weight,stone weight,pulp recovery,pulp fibrosis and fruit colour,chemical parameters including total soluble solids content,titratable acidity,reducing sugar and vitamin C and sensory parameters such as taste and aroma were investigated. A high variability was found among forty mango varieties. The Shannon-Weinner index ranged from 0.94 to 1.60 indicated that striking differeces in the studied qualities traits. Principal component analysis（PCA）showed multi-directional variation of mango fruit quality traits. Less fluctuation of all fruit quality traits except for titratable acidity and reducing sugar was observed among different production years. Significant correlations was found among some mango quality attributes.