甘蓝枯萎病抗源材料筛选及抗性遗传研究

Research on Screening of Resistant Resources to Fusarium Wilt and Inheritance of the Resistant Gene in Cabbage

利用采自北京延庆的甘蓝枯萎病病原FGL③-6对117份甘蓝自交系材料进行抗性鉴定,共获得47份抗病材料,其中高抗材料37份。对其抗性表现与地理来源、球型及叶色的关系进行分析,发现高抗材料主要由来自日本、韩国、俄罗斯和荷兰的种质资源中选出;扁球型和叶色灰绿的自交系中抗病材料比例高,而尖球类型中未发现抗病材料。通过苗期人工接种重复鉴定和田间鉴定,筛选出5份既抗枯萎病又具有优良经济性状的抗源材料。21份材料对延庆菌株FGL③-6和美国甘蓝枯萎病1号小种FOAM对比接种试验的结果显示,相同材料对二者抗性表现基本一致,认为引起延庆的甘蓝枯萎病原很可能为1号小种;对美国甘蓝枯萎病2号小种的初步研究表明,2号小种有更强的致病力。以延庆菌株FGL③-6为供试菌株,用8个抗病×感病甘蓝杂交组合和其中两个杂交组合的F2及回交一代作试材,初步研究了甘蓝对枯萎病抗性的遗传规律,结果表明,甘蓝对延庆枯萎病菌株的抗性为显性单基因遗传。

One hundred and seventeen cabbage inbred lines were evaluated for their resistance to Fusarium wilt through being inoculated with pathogen FGL③-6,which was isolated from diseased cabbage in Yanqing,Beijing. Forty-seven materials were resistant,with 37 of them showing high resistance. The correlations of their resistance with geographic origins,with types and leaf colors were analyzed respectively. The result showed that materials with high resistance were mostly from Japan,Korea,Russia,Netherlands,etc.;More inbred lines with high resistance possessed flat head and grey-green leaf,while no resistant material was found in pointed head type. With repeated experiments and field tests,5 inbred lines with high resistance to cabbage wilt and excellent economic traits were screened out. Comparison experiments between FGL③-6 from Yanqing and Race 1 FOAM from USA were performed on 21 materials and the results suggested that the same material exhibited similar resistance to the two pathogen strains. Study on the pathogen Race 2 from USA indicated that it possessed stronger pathogenicity. 8 cabbage hybrids,all with one parent resistant and the other susceptible,were evaluated for resistance inheritance. 2 of the 8 F1 hybrids were used for creating F2,BC1-P1 and BC2-P2 separately and all populations produced above were used for resistance inheritance analysis. It showed that the inheritance of resistance to Fusarium wilt in cabbage was dominant single gene pattern.