中国西藏小反刍兽疫的发生状况与防控

Occurrence and Control Strategy of Peste Des Petits Ruminants in Tibet Autonomous Region of China

2007年7月,我国首次在西藏自治区阿里地区发生了小反刍兽疫疫病流行。从2007年7月9日到11月15日,先后在阿里地区革吉、日土、札达、改则4个县出现疫情,共20个疫点,羊发病6 122只,死亡1 888只。2008年6月,在那曲地区尼玛县双湖区再次发现小反刍兽疫疫情,病羊及同群羊合计6 690只。为消灭该病,采取了扑杀、大规模免疫、检疫和移动控制、疫源追溯和监测、野生动物控制及其他风险控制等一系列措施。阿里和那曲地区共有111 967只发病及同群绵羊和山羊被扑杀。对全自治区2 200多万只绵羊和山羊进行了免疫。作者对此次西藏小反刍兽疫疫情的诊断、临床症状、病理学变化、流行病学特点进行了报告,对2007年至2010年西藏自治区小反刍兽疫防控工作进行了总结。

The first Peste Des Petits Ruminants（PPR） outbreak in China＇s History was found in Tibet in July 2007.20 infected premises were reported at Gakyi,Rutok,Tsada,Gertse in Ngari Prefecture from 9th July 2007 to 15th November 2007,and caused 6 122 sheep and goats infected,1 888 died.In June 2008,another case was found at Nima in Nakchu Prefecture,which concerning 6 690 sick and contact sheep and goats.The stamping-out policy,mass vaccination,quarantine and movement controls,tracing and surveillance,wild animal control and other risk control methods were practiced to eradicate the disease.A total number of 111 967 sick and contact sheep and goats were slaughtered in Ngari and Nakchu Prefecture.More than 22 000 000 sheep and goats were vaccinated in Tibet.This paper reports the diagnosis,clinical signs,pathology and epidemiology of the PPR outbreak in Tibet.The control methods of PPR taken in Tibet from 2007 to 2010 are summarized.