云南省巧家县石漠化区不同治理措施下草地生产力动态监测研究

Study on Dynamic Monitoring of Productivity of Different Grassland Restoration Measures of Karst Rocky Desertification in Qiaojia County of Yunnan Province

通过对云南省巧家县尖山自然村不同治理措施(人工草地、改良草地、封育草地)下石漠化草地各经济类群植被盖度、高度、密度、鲜草产量等进行连续3年的定位监测研究,结果表明:不同治理措施下各经济类群草地植被盖度、高度、密度和鲜草产量具有明显的季节性,在一年内均呈单峰曲线,8月份达到最高,出现峰值。从不同年份相同季节上看,随草地建植年限的增加,人工草地、改良草地和封育草地内大多数优良牧草的盖度、高度、密度和鲜草产量、优良牧草比例及年鲜草总产量均有不同程度的增加,杂类草则随草地建植年限的增加而逐渐降低;天然草地(对照区)在3年间稍有变化,总体呈恶化趋势。不同治理措施下同年内不同时期及不同年际间的理论载畜量差异很大,同年内不同时期的理论载畜量呈现出低—高—低的规律性变化,8月份达到最高;年载畜量随草地生产力的增加均有不同程度的增加。

After the three-year-study of coverage,height,density and fresh grass yield of economic groups of grassland vegetation of different control measures（including artificial grassland,improved grassland,enclosure） in Jianshan of Qiaojia County in Yunnan province,the results indicated that it＇s obviously seasonal about the coverage ,height,density and fresh grass yield of economic groups of different control measures.The curve in each year was in the shape of single hump,the highest biomass happened in August,the peak of them also appeared in August.With the increase of the time of grassland building and planting,the coverage,height,density,fresh grass yield,the proportion of high-quality forage and all of fresh grass yield in whole year of artificial grassland ,improved grassland and enclosure were increased in different degree,but natural grassland was slightly changed and was degradation trend.The grazing capacity was very different under different control measures in different periods in the same year and different years,It was low-high-low in different periods of the same year,The highest was in August,The grazing capacity of each year was increased in different degree with the grassland productivity.