阿尔泰山河谷林封育研究

Effects of enclosing forest in valley forest of Altai Mountain

通过对新疆阿尔泰山河谷林封育区与非封育区天然林进行植被调查,从林分结构、林下草本重要值特征和物种多样性等方面对封育效果进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在5 a的封育期内,对于阿尔泰山河谷天然林的整体状况没有明显影响;(2)封育区林下草本种类比非封育区多了10种,相对增加了77.5%,草本层盖度提高了36.4%,相对增加了124.8%;(3)封育区林下草本层Patrick丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均高于非封育区,而Simpson优势度指数和Pielou均匀度指数则没有明显的差异。可以看出,通过封育措施阿尔泰山河谷天然林林下植被得到了明显恢复,同时要加强封育区的管理,并延长封育年限。

The vegetation of closed area and non-closed area in valley forest of Altai Mountain were investigated.Forest structure,species diversity and important value of understory herbaceous plant were studied to find out the effect of enclosing.The results showed that：（1） Five years short-term enclosing forest had no significant influence on the overall performance of natural forest.（2）Ten more understory herbaceous species were found in closed area,and the relative increased content was about 77.5 %.At the same time,the vegetation coverage of understory herbaceous plant in closed area is 36.4% more than in non-closed area,relative increased 124.8 %.The Patrick index and Shannon-Wiener index of understory herbaceous plant in closed area were higher than those of non-closed area.The Simpson index and Pielou index had no significant difference between closed area and non-closed area.The conclusion could be drown that the understory vegetation of valley forest in Altai Mountain had apparently restored by enclosing forest and we should strengthen the management of closed area and extend enclosure years.