庐山自然保护区内外公路路缘外来植物组成对比

Comparison of roadside alien plant composition inside and outside Lushan Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province

外来植物入侵对自然保护区构成潜在的威胁。抽样调查了庐山自然保护区内和自然保护区外的公路路缘植被,对比外来植物的丰富度和区系起源。结果表明:庐山自然保护区内外公路路缘有21种外来植物,以世界分布属为主,保护区内温带成分比例较保护区外高;自然保护区内外的本地种和外来种植物组成存在显著差异,而共有外来植物中,仅一年蓬、豚草、大狼把草在保护区内外的出现频度存在显著差异,表明道路可能仅对一些外来植物有传播作用。山地的特殊环境使保护区内有利于更多样的外来种生存,连通保护区内外的公路有利于一些保护区外的入侵植物传入。

In this study, we sampled roadside plant communities inside and outside the Lushan Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, in order to compare the richness and floral origin of alien plant species. A total of 21 alien plants were observed in the plots, with half of them belonging to cosmopolitan genera. There were more alien plants of temperate origin in the montane area （inside the reserve） than those in the plain area （outside the reserve）. The two regions had a significant difference in the composition of native and alien plants in the roadside communities. Eleven alien species occurred both inside and outside the nature reserve; among them, only Erigeron annuus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Bidens frondosa differed significantly in occurrence between two regions, suggesting that the roads may act as a pathway for invasion of some alien plants. Complex topography and altitudinal gradients make Lushan Nature Reserve harbor more alien species and traffic corridors may facilitate the spread of some invasive plants, especially for the species outside the nature reserve.