走向混合论坛的科学治理——公众参与科学的进路考察

Scientific Governance that Moves Toward Hybrid Forum —A Survey of Public Participation in Science

公众参与科学的组织形式经历了从管理到治理的转变。治理是社会协作的新形式,它意味着社会机构与个体行动者之间有更多水平互动。治理的核心问题是如何组织参与以达到理想的结果。治理有其内在的规范维度,又涉及互动过程。基于共生产模型的"混合论坛"概念既容许规范的分析,又容许经验的描述,是研究治理问题的一个很好的切入点。

The organization of public participation in science has shifted from government to governance.Governance means the new forms of social cooperation,that is,more horizontal interactions between social institutions and individual actors.The central issue concerning governance is how to organize participation so as to achieve the goal.Governance issues on one hand are intrinsically normative,and on the other hand inevitably involves an interactive process.The ＂hybrid forums＂ concept based on ＂co-production model＂ admits of both normative analysis and experience description,thus a good starting point to investigate governance issues.