空心微珠/环氧树脂高强浮力材料的性能及断裂分析

Performance and fracture of hollow glass microsphere/epoxy resin high-strength buoyancy material

以环氧树脂为基体,经硅烷活化处理的空心玻璃微珠(HGM)为填充剂,制备了高强浮力材料。采用XRD、FRIR分析了HGM的结构和硅烷处理效果,通过密度测试和单轴静态压缩试验研究了HGM的类型和含量对浮力材料性能的影响,利用SEM和吸水率试验研究了浮力材料的断裂特性和吸水性。结果表明:HGM为无定形结构;硅烷分子接枝在HGM表面,使得HGM与环氧树脂完好结合且两者界面没有间隙沟槽;HGM的较大比压缩强度有利于提高浮力材料的性能;高强浮力材料密度为0.645～0.850 g/cm3,抗压强度为60～93 MPa,比压缩强度为92～112 MPa.cm3.g-1;HGM含量较少时,浮力材料断裂表面HGM破裂处的基体环氧树脂有拖尾特征,HGM含量增多时,HGM的破坏程度不断增大直至完全破坏;浮力材料具有较好的抗吸水性。

The high-strength buoyancy material was synthesized with adhesive matrix of epoxy resin and filler of hollow glass microsphere（HGM） activated by silane coupling agent.The characteristics of HGM treated with silane were analyzed by XRD and FRIR.The effect of type and content of HGM on performance of buoyancy material was investigated through density test and uniaxial static compression test.The fracture characteristics and water absorption of buoyancy material were studied by SEM and water absorption test.The results show that the structure of HGM is amorphous.Silane is grafted on the surface of HGM after activation.HGM is perfectly combined with epoxy resin and there is no gap between their interface.The high specific compression strength of HGM is beneficial to the performance of buoyancy material.The density,compression strength and specific compression strength of buoyancy material are 0.645～0.850g/cm3,60～93MPa and 92～112MPa·cm3·g-1,respectively.On the fracture surface of buoyancy material with less HGM,HGM is destroyed and there is tailing in the matrix,while the damage degree of HGM increases with the increase of HGM content and finally HGM is destroyed thoroughly.The water absorption of buoyancy material is low.