极低出生体重儿56例临床观察

目的观察我院收治的极低出生体重儿的临床资料,探讨对极低出生体重儿的临床治疗和护理措施。方法选择2008年1月～2011年3月新生儿科收治的极低出生体重儿56例,回顾性分析其临床资料,观察其临床表现、治疗方法、护理措施、生存率、引起死亡的高危因素等。结果经过维持体温、辅助呼吸、营养支持、对症治疗等一系列临床治疗和护理干预后,56例患儿中体重增加至2500g以上者25例(占44.64%),体重增加至1500g～2500g者15例(占26.79%),放弃治疗9例(占16.07%),死亡7例(占12.50%),生存率为71.43%。出生后感染性疾病、先天性畸形、呼吸窘迫综合征是引起VLBWI死亡的三大高危因素。结论做好围产妇产前检查、预防感染、防止宫内窘迫和产时缺氧,加强出生后监护和治疗,对提高极低出生体重儿的生存率至关重要。

Objective Observe the clinic information of very low birth weight infants（VLBWI）.Probe into the treatment and nursing measure for VLBWI.Methods Choose 56 VLBWI from Jan.2008 to Mar.2011 in our hospital.Analyze the clinic information,observe the clinical symptom,treatment,nursing measure,survival rate,causation of death and so on.Results After keeping animal heat,assisting breath,alimentation sustain and heteropathy,25 VLBWI mount up to 2500g avoirdupois,15 VLBWI mount up to 1500～2500g avoirdupois,9 VLBWI gave up therapy,7 VLBWI died.Survival rate was 71.43%.Infection,decompensation,innate monstrosity were causation of death of VLBWI.Conclusion Gestation inspection,preventing infect,preventing anoxic symptom,intensify therapy could improve survival rate of VLBWI.