279例药品不良反应报告分析

An annlysis of adverse drug reactions in 279 cases

目的了解我院药品不良反应（ADR）发生的情况与特点，以促进临床合理用药。方法采用回顾性研究分析方法，对我院2008年1月～2010年12月收集到的279例ADR报告，分别从患者性别、年龄、引发ADR的药品种类、给药途径、ADR的主要临床表现、ADR的级别及转归等方面进行统计、分析。结果279例ADR中，男131例，女148例；21～30岁及≤10岁的年龄段ADR的发生率较高；静脉滴注是引起ADR的主要给药途径，有191例，占68．46％；抗感染药物引起的ADR居首位，有174例，占62．37％；临床表现以皮肤系统及其附件损害为主，有159例，占56．99％；新的严重的ADR有15例。结论医务工作者应加强ADR监测工作，避免或减少ADR的发生，促进临床的合理用药。

Objective To study the situation and characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADR） that occurred in our hospital, and promote clinical rational drug use. Methods Collected 279 ADR cases from 2008 to 2010 in our hospital. Used retrospective analysis method to analyze the sex and age distribution, drug varieties, route of administration, specific clinical manifestations in ADR, ADR level, and ADR prognosis. Results Among these 279 cases, 131 cases are male, and 148 cases are female; those who age from 21 to 30 years and who are younger than 10 years old have the highest ADR incidence rate. Most of the 279 ADR cases are induced by intravenous injection, which occupy 68.46% （191 cases）. Antimicrobial drugs were the first category of the drugs that cause ADR, which count for 174 cases （62.37%）.The main clinical manifestations are the damage of skin and adnexa, which count for 56.99% （159 cases）. New and severe ADR have 15 cases. Conclusion Medical workers should strengthen ADR monitoring to avoid or reduce the incidence of ADR, and promote rational clinical drug use.