阿扎司琼联合小剂量地塞米松预防无痛人流术后恶心呕吐临床观察

Clinical observation of combined Azasetron and low-dose dexamethasone for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing painless abortion surgery

目的 观察阿扎司琼联合小剂量地塞米松预防无痛人流术后恶心、呕吐的作用。方法选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级择期行无痛人流术患者270例，随机分为A、B、C3组，每组90例；分别静脉注射生理盐水、阿扎司琼及阿扎司琼＋地塞米松，3组患者均注射丙泊酚（3mg／kg）及芬太尼（0．6μg／kg），手术24h后电话询问恶心、呕吐发生情况。结果B组（36％）和C组（30％）恶心及恶心伴呕吐发生率均显著低于对照组（87％），差异有极显著性（P〈0．01）组恶心及恶心伴呕吐发生率小于B组，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论阿扎司琼预防无痛人流术后恶心、呕吐有较好效果，复合小剂量地塞米松并无必要。

Objective To observe the antiemetic effect of azasetron plus low-dose dexamethasone in patients undergoing painless abortion surgery. Methods 270 ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients scheduled for elective painless abortion surgery were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. Patients intravenously received saline （group A）, azasetron （group B）, azasetron plus low-dose dexamethasone （group C） respectively. Anesthesia was induced with propofol （3 mg/kg） in combination with fentanyl （0.6μg/kg）. Patients were interviewed after 24 hours of the surgery by telephone. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was recorded. Reaults The overall incidence of POVA in group B and C were significantly lower than group A. There was no significant difference between group B and C. Conclusion Azasetron in combination with low-dose dexamethasone produced same antiemetic effect as azasetron alone in patients underwent painless abortion surgery.