风力发电机状态监测和故障诊断技术的研究与进展

Research and Application of Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Technology in Wind Turbines

针对目前迅猛发展的风电装备缺乏有效监测诊断方法开展综述,指出其研究现状和值得研究的问题。综述风力发电机的发展现状、故障特点和诊断难点,风力发电机的装机容量和规模都在逐年扩大,目前基于振动监测的风力发电机在线诊断系统尚属空白,其运行维护费用增加以及频繁事故发生所造成的巨大损失严重影响了风电的经济效益。针对风力发电机中的主要故障部件,如齿轮箱、发电机、叶片等,介绍现有状态监测和故障诊断方法的研究现状。结合风力发电机工作在变转速、不稳定载荷等工况下的特点,指出研究重点是需要针对这一新型装备研究其故障机理和特定的诊断方法,研发适合于风力发电机特点的在线状态监测和故障诊断系统。

In view of the wind power equipment developing rapidly but lacking effective monitoring and diagnosis methods,the research status and problems worth studying are pointed out.The current situation,fault features and diagnostic difficulties of wind turbines are summarized.The installed capacity and scale of wind turbines are enlarging year by year,but currently on-line diagnosis system of wind turbine based on vibration monitoring is still a blank.The economic benefits of wind power are seriously affected by operation and maintenance costs as well as huge losses caused by frequent accidents of wind turbine.The research situation of the existing condition monitoring and fault diagnosis methods for the main failure components of wind turbines are introduced,such as gear boxes,generators and blades.According to the characteristics of wind turbines working in the condition of variable speed,unstable loads,etc.,the research emphasis should be the failure mechanism,specific diagnostic methods of the new-type equipment,online condition monitoring and fault diagnosis systems suitable for the characteristics of wind turbines.