花生新品种福花4号高产生理研究

Studied on High-yield Physiological Basis of a New Peanut Variety 'Fuhua 4'

研究花生新品种福花4号的生育特性,为其栽培技术措施的制定提供试验依据。以泉花10号为对照,对福花4号的生长特性、光合特性、开花及结实性等进行了研究。福花4号全生育期130d,主茎叶片数为17.4片,始花到终花历时天数为24 d,单株花量为43.2朵,有效花为32.2朵、有效花率为74.5%,饱果数为18.4个,且成针率和饱果率高。福花4号苗期、开花下针期、结荚期和饱果成熟期的LAI分别为0.1107、4.6803、3.7054和2.1458;净同化率分别为2.0737,3.2660,4.6444,2.5473;干物质积累量占全生育期总干物质的比例分别为1.8%,31.4%,51.5%,15.3%,产量形成期为53.3%;产量形成期的经济系数高,不仅库大、源大;而且库/源比率高,库源的协调性好。福花4号具有高产的生理基础,采取相应的栽培措施即可达到高产。

In this paper,new peanut variety Fuhua 4 growth characteristic was researched to formulate reasonable culture techniques.Compared with Quanhua 10,Fuhua 4 growth characteristic,photosynthesis characteristic,blossoms and solid characteristic and so on,have been researched.The whole growth period of Fuhua 4 is 130 d.Its leaves number on stem is 17.40.The blooming period is 24 d,in which Fuhua 4 produce 43.2 flower per plant,32.2 effective flower and flower effective rate of 74.5 percent.Fuhua 4,the high percentage of formed pegs and full pods,has 18.4 full pods per plant.The LAI of Seedling stage,flowering and pegging stage,bearing pod stage and pod setting stage is 0.1107,4.6803,3.7054 and 2.1458,respectively.The NAR of Seedling stage,flowering and pegging stage,bearing pod stage and pod setting stage is 2.0737,3.2660,4.6444 and 2.5473,respectively.The percentage of dry matter accumulation in the whole growth period of needling stage,flowering and pegging stage,bearing pod stage,pod setting stage and yield-forming stage is 1.8,31.4,51.5,15.3 and 53.3,respectively.Its yield-forming stage,not only the big sink and source,but also the great ratio of sink/source,has high economic factor and good coordination between the sink and source.These result indicated that the high production physiological foundation of Fuhua 4,taking the corresponding cultural measure can achieve the high production.