青海玉树地震村镇建筑震害分析及减灾措施

Seismic damage analysis and reduction measures of buildings in village and town in the Yushu Earthquake

2010年4月14日青海玉树发生7.1级地震,造成大量建筑物损坏和倒塌.对玉树地震灾区各类建筑结构的震害进行了初步分析,总结了此次地震的经验教训.针对地震灾区村镇建筑提出了建议:(1)从结构抗震的概念设计着手,合理的选择场地、结构类型和抗力构件布置;(2)"就地取材,结合传统,提高性能",研究适合当地的适宜性建筑结构抗震体系;(3)针对当地的地形地貌及地质条件、材料来源、建筑的传统性与民族性等特点,整体规划,编制适宜当地的建筑抗震设计标准图集;(4)培训施工人员,规范村镇建筑施工;(5)加强村镇学校和医院等重要性建筑的抗震性能.

On April 14,2010,a 7.1 magnitude earthquake occurred in Yushu,Qinghai Province,causing the collapse and damage of a large number of buildings.Based on the relative reports and information,the seismic damage cases for the different structural types in this earthquake are analyzed.While the lessons and experiences are summarized,several suggestions are presented： starting the project with the conception design,and choosing the most appropriate site and structure layout;obtaining material from local resources,to improve performance and researching a proper local building a seismic system;observing the local topography and geological conditions,source of materials,building traditions and nationality,etc.Making an overall plan,drawing up a standard local seismic atlas;training the construction workers,specifying the construction of buildings in villages and towns;reinforcing the seismic performance of buildings of great importance such as village schools and hospitals.