淀粉基可降解高吸水性功能膜的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Degradable Starch-Based High Water Absorbing Functional Membrane

以丙烯酸(AA)接枝玉米淀粉(CS)(AAGS)为原料、一种自制的不饱和聚酯酰胺脲树脂(UPU)为交联剂,采用高效的紫外光固化方式作为成膜方法制备了一种兼具高吸水性和可降解性的功能膜,成膜过程中不需添加任何光引发剂。用FTIR和ESEM技术对功能膜的化学结构及微观形貌进行了表征;考察了m(AA)∶m(CS)、AA接枝CS的时间、硝酸铈铵(CAN)用量、AA中和度和m(AAGS)∶m(UPU)对功能膜吸水性能的影响,并考察了常温下功能膜在不同溶液中的降解性能。研究结果表明,在接枝反应时间3h、w(CAN)=0.1%(基于AA质量)、m(AA)∶m(CS)=6、AA中和度90%、m(AAGS)∶m(PUP)=200的条件下制备的功能膜在20min时吸水倍率可达456g/g,在蒸馏水中浸泡7d后的失重率达85.25%。

A functional membrane material with high water absorption and degradability was prepared from acrylic acid（AA） graft corn starch（ CS ） （AAGS） by UV cross-linking using unsaturated polyester-urea amide （UPU） as the cross-linking agent. No photoinitiator was required in the filmforming process. The chemical structure and micro-morphology of the membrane material were characterized by means of FTIR and ESEM. Effects of mass ratio of AA to CS, grafting reaction time, initiator ceric ammonium nitrate （CAN） dosage, AA neutralization degree and mass ratio of AAGS to PUP on the water absorption of the functional membrane material were studied. The degradability of the functional membrane in different solutions at room temperature was investigated also. The results showed that under the condition of 3 h grafting reaction time, 0.1% （w） CAN （ based on AA mass）, 6 of m（AA） to m（CS）, 90% AA neutralization degree and 200 of m（AAGS） to re（PUP）, water absorbency of the membrane material reached 456 g/g in 20 min and the mass loss was 85.25 % after being immersed in water for 7 d.