血液感染病原菌的分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and Analysis of Resistance of Pathogens in Blood Culture

目的对XX医院近3年来血液感染病原菌的分布和耐药情况进行统计和分析,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法患者血培养标本经BacT/Alert 3D血培养仪培养,分离所得菌株用法国梅里埃API系统进行鉴定,后用K-B法进行药敏试验。结果 1 111例标本培养阳性,其中革兰阳性菌361株,占32.5%;革兰阴性菌510株,占45.9%;真菌162株,占14.6%。药敏结果显示,G+菌对青霉素类耐药严重,碳青霉烯类仍是治疗G-菌感染的敏感药物,真菌对抗生素仍保持较高敏感率。结论近3年来XX医院血液感染致病菌以革兰阴性菌为主,且菌种多样化,有较高耐药率,提示应定期对血液感染病原菌的分布和耐药情况进行监测。

Objective To investigate the distribution and bacterial resistance of clinical isolates from the blood culture in recent 3 years for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics.Methods BacT/Alert 120 was used for blood culture and the isolated bacteria were identified by API identified tests（API Inc,France）.Antibiotics sensitivity test was performed by Kirby-Bauer（K-B）.Results Of 1 111 cases with positive culture including 361 Gram-positive bacteria strains（32.5%）,510 Gram-negative bacteria strains（45.9%）,162 Candida strains（14.6%）.The drug susceptive results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to penicillin severely,while Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to Carbapenems,and Candida were still sensitive to some antibiotics.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria were the main stains in blood culture in XX hospital,and they were diverse.The rate of the drug resistance of some bacteria was high,which indicated that it was necessary to analyze the resistance of pathogens and its distribution regularly.