发掘数学教材的评价功能——对美国加州小学数学教材的分析与启示

Exploration of the Assessment Function in Mathematics Textbook of Elementary School——Take California Elementary School Mathematics Textbooks for Example

对比美国加州小学数学教材可以发现,中国小学数学教材较为忽视教材对学生的评价载体功能,评价方式单一,还没有形成完整的评价结构,教材缺乏学生自评与互评的工具作用.而美国的小学数学教材却有着评价内容较为丰富,评价结构相对完整,评价方式多样,评价标准明确,评价目的鲜明等诸多特点.5点启示是：应树立评价意识;构建中国教材中的评价结构;创新评价方式;重视《数学课程标准》的指导作用;正确认识教材中评价的功能.

Analyze the elementary mathematics textbooks of the U.S.,Chinese primary mathematics textbooks seriously neglect the function of assess of textbook.Exactly,the assessment ways are quite simple and the assessment system is absent,thus,the textbooks are likely to lose the function of self-assessment and peer-assessment for the students.Whereas the primary mathematics textbooks of the U.S.are rich in assessment design.Besides,the other advantages include：the assessment system is complete;the assessment ways are diverse;the assessment standards are definite and the assessment goals are clear,etc.This paper aims to explore five improvements：the importance of assessment should be focused on;the assessment system should be developed;the assessment ways should be improved;the guidance of the curriculum criterion of mathematics should be valued and the function of assessment should be known.