从自由到自决:民族主义思想的发展脉络

From Freedom to Self-Determination:the Evolution of Nationalism Theories

自由观念和民族主义是相容的。实际上现代民族主义的思想内核——自决观念即源于自由思想。康德的政治哲学尤其是其中的意志自由理论构成了民族主义思想的"隐秘的源头"。经过费希特和赫尔德等德国浪漫主义者的改造,自由观念最终演变成了民族自决的主张。自由观念与民族主义存在的内在关联说明自由主义和民族主义并不是严格对立的意识形态,二者存在相互融合的可能性,自由主义的民族主义理论即是初步的尝试。

The concept of freedom and nationalism are compatible. In fact, the concept of self - determination, which is the ideological core of modem nationalism, originates from the freedom thoughts. Kant＇ s political philosophy, particularly, the theory of free will constitutes a secret source of nationalist ideology. After Fichte and Herder and other German Romantics of the transformation, the concept of freedom eventually evolved into the idea of national selfdetermination. The existence of inherent association between concept of freedom and nationalism indicates that there is no absolute confrontation between Liberalism and Nationalism, and the possibility of merging the two. Theory of liberal nationalism is the initial attempt.