温州市空巢老人社区卫生服务需求和供给调查

Investigation on Community Health Services Demand and Supply of Empty Nest Elderly in Wenzhou

目的:了解和分析空巢老人社区卫生服务需求和供给现状,为进一步提高空巢老人的生活质量提供科学依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样入户调查的方法,用自制问卷对温州市城区12个社区386名老年人进行调查。结果:空巢老人慢性病患病率高达73.0%,80岁及以上高龄空巢老人生活完全不能自理者达43.3%。不同年龄空巢老人对上门诊疗服务、康复医疗护理的需求差异有统计学意义(<0.01,<0.05),不同文化程度空巢老人对上门诊疗服务、家庭病床的需求差异有统计学意义(<0.01,<0.05),空巢老人对上门诊疗服务、家庭病床的需求高于非空巢老人(<0.01,<0.05)。结论:空巢老人对社区卫生服务实际需求高,主动供给不足,存在供需失调现象。需要卫生行政管理部门、社区卫生服务中心采取积极措施,使空巢老人社区卫生服务实际需求与主动供给协调平衡。

Objective：To find out and analyze the current demand and supply situation of community health services for empty nest elderly,for providing the scientific basis to improve their life quality further.Methods：Cluster random sampling was used for door-to-door questionnaire survey.Using self-made questionnaire drew 386 elderly at random from 12 communities of Wenzhou City.Results：Prevalence of chronic diseases in empty nest elderly reached up to 73.0%,while 43.3% advanced age empty nest elderly at the age of 80 or above totally cannot take care of themselves.There was statistical significance in demand differences of Home Treatment Services and Rehabilitation Medical Care among different age ones（P0.01,P0.05）.And statistical significance existed in demands differences of Active-Site Clinic Services and Family Bed among different education background ones（P0.01,P0.05）.Empty nest elderly needed Home Treatment Services and Family Bed more than non empty nest elderly（P0.01,P0.05）.Conclusion：The community health service demands of empty nest elderly were high;however,actual supply was much less.Supply-demand imbalance appeared.Active measures should be taken by health administrative departments and Community Health Services Organization,to balance the actual demands and active supply of community health service for empty nest elderly.