铅和镉联合染毒对雄性小鼠生殖系统氧化损伤的影响

Oxidative Damage Effect of Lead and Cadmium in Combination in Reproductive System of Male Mice

目的研究铅、镉联合作用对雄性小鼠生殖系统氧化损伤的影响。方法将健康成年清洁级雄性昆明小鼠40只随机分为4组,分别为对照(蒸馏水)组、铅(800 mg/L)单独染毒组、镉(100 mg/L)单独染毒组和铅(800 mg/L)+镉(100 mg/L)联合染毒组,每组10只。采用自由饮水方式进行染毒,连续染毒28 d。染毒结束后,将小鼠称重,迅速分离睾丸及附睾组织,称重后计算睾丸脏器系数。检测小鼠睾丸组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活力,光镜观察小鼠精子畸形情况。结果在染毒21 d各染毒组小鼠体重均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各染毒组小鼠睾丸系数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,各染毒组小鼠睾丸组织中MDA含量和精子畸形率均较高,而SOD活力均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与铅+镉联合染毒组相比,铅、镉单独染毒组小鼠睾丸组织中MDA含量和精子畸形率较低,SOD活力较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论铅、镉联合暴露可通过氧化应激损伤雄性小鼠生殖系统,导致精子畸形,二者可能具有协同效应。

Objective To study the combined effects of lead and cadmium on reproductive system of male mice. Methods Forty healthy adult Kunming male mice of clean grade were randomly divided into four groups, 10 in each, control group （distilled water）, lead group （800 mg/L）, cadmium group （100 mg/L） and lead （800 mg/L） plus cadmium （100 mg/L） group. The animals were treated with the toxicants through drinking water, for 28 consecutive days. When the administration finished, the mice were weighed, and the testis and epididymis were separated rapidly. The organ coefficients of testis were calculated, the concentration of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase in the testis were determined, and teratospenns were examined under microscope. Results The weight of experimental groups was lower at the 21st day （P〈O.05）,the organ coefficients of testis of experimental group were significantly higher compared with the control （P〈0.05）. The concentration of MDA and rate of teratosperms in experimental groups increased significantly compared with the control, however the activity of SOD decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. In addition, the concentration of MDA and rate of teratosperms in lead or cadmium group were lower than those in the lead plus cadmium group, and the activity of SOD were higher （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The simultaneous exposure to lead and cadmium can cause oxidative stress-induced damage in reproductive system of male mice and result in teratosperm, and synergistic effect may be concerned.